Kunamabhange okuhweba angaphezu kuka-763 emazweni angama-54 ezwekazi lase-Afrika, umncintiswano emkhakheni wamabhange ase-Afrika usufinyelele inani eliphakeme elijwayelekile njengoba amanye amabhange enamagatsha emazweni angaphezu kuka-30 e-Afrika nakwamanye amadolobha amakhulu omhlaba.

Amazwe ase-Afrika anamabhange amaningi kakhulu yiKenya ne-Egypt enamabhange angu-39 kanye namabhange angu-37 ngokulandelana kwawo, alandelwe eduze iTanzania enamabhange angu-34 bese kulandela iNigeria ne-Uganda zombili ezinamabhange angu-24 kanye neGhana ngamabhange angu-23.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Afrika inenani elincane lamabhange ezentengiselwano uma iqhathaniswa namanye amazwekazi. I-Asia ngokwesibonelo inamabhange okungenani ayi-1,900, i-European Union inamabhange angaphezu kuka-6,000 kanti i-United States inamabhange angaphezu kuka-4,000.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhange amaningi ase-Afrika anenani eliphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nozakwabo bakwamanye amazwe kodwa amabhange ambalwa ase-Afrika aziqhenya ngenani elimangalisayo elivela ekusebenzeni kwawo ezwenikazi.

Lo msebenzi ubheka amabhange amakhulu ayi-10 ezwekazi lase-Afrika ngokusekelwe ezimpahleni zihlangene.

Okuqukethwe fihla

Amabhange aphezulu ayi-10 ase-Afrika amakhulu

Isiphetho

Amabhange aphezulu ayi-10 ase-Afrika amakhulu

1. I-Standard Bank Group (Ningizimu Afrika)

I-Standard Bank Group iyibhange elikhulu kunawo wonke e-Afrika ngokwemali ezimakethe kanye nemali engenayo. Ikomkhulu leli bhange liseNingizimu Afrika futhi lisebenzela inani elihlukahlukene lezinkampani kanye nenani eliphakeme lamakhasimende ngamanye. Iqembu lamabhange elijwayelekile liphinde libe yibhange elikhulu kunawo wonke e-Afrika elibolekisayo elinikeza usizo ezinkampanini eziningi ezwenikazi lonke.

Ngo-$170.8 billion, leli bhange laseNingizimu Afrika linempahla enkulu ukwedlula noma yiliphi elinye ibhange e-Afrika.

2. Iqembu le-ABSA (eNingizimu Afrika)

I-ABSA Group ikhona emazweni angu-12 ezwenikazi lonke lase-Afrika futhi izithatha njengophawu lwamabhange ase-Afrika.

Yasungulwa ngo-1991 futhi eyake yaba yi-Barclays Africa Group Ltd. I-ABSA ijwayele ukwenza izinto eziningi kusukela ekuphathweni kwengcebo kuya ekunikezeni imali ebolekisayo ezinkampanini ezinkulu, ukuphathwa kwempahla nokunye. Ibhange lizishaya isifuba ngabasebenzi abangaphezu kuka-42,000 abasakazeke emazweni angaphezu kuka-20 ezwenikazi lase-Afrika.

3. FirstRand Bank (Ningizimu Afrika)

Ibhange le-FirstEand lithatha indawo yesithathu ohlwini lwamabhange amakhulu ezwenikazi lase-Afrika asebenza emazwenikazi amathathu nasemazweni ahlukahlukene ahlanganisa i-United Kingdom ne-India. Ikomkhulu leli bhange liseNingizimu Afrika lihlinzeka ngezixazululo ezahlukene zamabhange kumakhasimende alo.

Uhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi, ukutshalwa kwezimali, ukuboleka, kanye nezinsizakalo zomshwalense kanye nemikhiqizo kunikezwa yibhange. I-FirstRand iphinde isebenze njengebhange elisemthethweni leBhange Lombuso laseNingizimu Afrika.

4. IBhange Likazwelonke laseGibhithe (Egypt)

Ibhange Likazwelonke laseGibhithe (NBE) liziqhayisa ngamagatsha angama-510 ezweni lonke laseGibhithe futhi linamakhasimende angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-14; ibhange libuye libe khona emhlabeni jikelele.

Ngezinjongo ze-NBE ezihlose ukukhulisa imali yemakethe ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-2 ekupheleni kwekota yokuqala ka-2023, ibhange libekwe emathubeni amakhulu esikhathini esizayo. I-NBE njengamanje ingelinye lamabhange amadala kakhulu e-Afrika futhi amadala kakhulu e-Egypt.

5. Iqembu leNedbank (eNingizimu Afrika)

I-Nedbank Group iyibhange lomdabu kunebhange lamazwe ngamazwe noma lezwekazi, eligxile ezimakethe zaseNingizimu Afrika kuphela.

Njengamanje esebenza amagatsha angama-692; inethemba lokuthi izokhula ifinyelele kulo lonke izwekazi ngonyaka ka-2030. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhange lihlinzeka ngomshwalense, ingcebo, kanye nezinsizakalo zokuphathwa kwempahla, futhi linikeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinsizakalo zamabhange ezithengisa izinto ezithengiswayo nezithengisayo.

6. I-Attijariwafa (Morocco)

Yasungulwa ngo-1904 ngesiqubulo esithi “Kholwa Kuwe”, futhi ibamba iqhaza elibonakalayo ekuthuthukisweni komphakathi waseMorocco ngokusiza imiphakathi enezinkinga. I-Attijariwafa iyibhange elikhulu kunawo wonke eMorocco.

Njengoba kunamakhasimende angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-10 ahlinzekwa emazweni angama-25, iBhange i-Attijariwafa linamandla aqhuba imikhakha namabhizinisi ezezimali aseMoroccan nase-Afrika.

7. I-Groupe Banque Populaire (Morocco)

Leli elinye ibhange laseMoroccan elinekomkhulu eMorocco naseFrance, elasungulwa ngo-1878.

I-Groupe Banque Populaire eyaziwa nangokuthi ifushanisiwe ku-BCP iyinhlangano yamabhange futhi ikhona emazweni angaphezu kwama-40 futhi ixhasa ngezimali ngaphezu kuka-20% womnotho waseFrance nowaseMoroccan.

8. Investec (Ningizimu Afrika)

Esinye isikhungo sezimali saseNingizimu Afrika esisohlwini yi-Investec eyasungulwa ngo-1974 yangena e-UK ngo-1992.

Ibhange lihlinzeka ngamabhange azimele, izinkampani, ingcebo nokutshalwa kwezimali kanye nokuphathwa kwempahla ngokulandelana.

9. Zenith Bank (Nigeria)

Isikhungo sokuqala sezimali saseNtshonalanga Afrika akumangalisi ukuthi sivela eNigeria, okuyizwe lase-Afrika elinabantu abaningi kakhulu kanye nomnotho omkhulu wase-Afrika.

I-Zenith Bank yasungulwa ngoMeyi 1990 njengebhange lezentengiselwano. Ngo-2004, yashintsha isimo sayo yaba inkampani yomphakathi elinganiselwe futhi yafakwa ohlwini lwe-Nigerian Stock Exchange.

Njengamanje leli bhange lisebenza amagatsha angaphezu kuka-500, amahhovisi kanye nezinkampani ezingaphansi kwezwekazi lonke, ngezinhlelo zokuqhubeka nokunwetshwa ezimakethe zaseYurophu nase-Asia.

10. Afreximbank (Egypt)

I-Afreximbank, ebizwa nangokuthi i-African Export-Import Bank, iyinhlangano yezezimali yamazwe ngamazwe enehhovisi layo elikhulu eCairo.

Ibhange lihlinzeka ngezinhlelo ezahlukene zezimali, izixazululo, kanye nezinsizakalo zokweluleka ukuze kusekelwe uhwebo lwase-Afrika ngombono wokuba ibhange lezezimali lezohwebo e-Afrika.

Isiphetho

I-athikili inikeze amabhange amakhulu ebhizinisi ayi-10 ezwenikazi lase-Afrika ngokusekelwe ezimpahleni, nakuba kunjalo, kusukela emsebenzini ongenhla, iningi lamabhange atholakala emazweni aseNingizimu Afrika, i-Egypt, iMorocco neNigeria. Imali yemakethe yala mabhange idlula kude amabhange akwamanye amazwe ase-Afrika, kanti amanye amabhange aphezulu ayi-10 atholakala kakhulu eLibya, Ghana, Kenya, Ethiopia namanye.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwekazi afana neNyakatho Melika, i-Europe, ne-Asia, amabhange ase-Afrika athatha imali engaphansi kwe-1% yesamba semali yemakethe yeBhange Lomhlaba kanye nangaphansi kwe-1% yezibalo zamabhange zomhlaba. Nokho, ngokwezinga lakamuva kakhulu lombiko weBhange Lomhlaba lezibalo zamabhange Omhlaba mayelana namabhange omhlaba, amabhange ase-Afrika enza kahle kakhulu kunenzuzo yawo, anikela ngo-2% enzuzweni yomhlaba wonke futhi anikeze nembuyiselo engu-19.49% emalini.

Noma kunjalo, kukhona amathemba ochwepheshe ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwezimali ezingenayo zamabhange kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemali ezimakethe e-Afrika kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelele ngaphezu kuka-2.5% ngonyaka ka-2050.

I-Access Bank yaseNigeria iyibhange elinesizinda samakhasimende esikhulu kunazo zonke elinabasebenzisi abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-60 ekupheleni kuka-2021.