Ungaba kanjani umklami we-UX

I-UX iya ngokuya ibaluleke kakhulu njengoba imisebenzi yansuku zonke efana nokuthenga ukusuka kokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi kuye ku-inthanethi. I-UX isenhliziyweni yethrendi ekhulayo yabathengisi abahlinzeka ngolwazi namasevisi adlula kakhulu ukunikezwa kwemikhiqizo yabo eyinhloko. 

Ngenani elilinganiselwe lomhlaba wonke lama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-180, idizayini ye-UX ibalwa ngokuqhubekayo phakathi kwemisebenzi ephezulu engu-25 yi-Glassdoor. Idizayini yokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi (i-UX) ikhula ngokushesha futhi njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka futhi bugxila kubasebenzisi, buzokhula ngosayizi kuphela.

Njengoba usuvele wazi ukuthi i-UX inenzuzo futhi ikhula ngokushesha, ungahle uzibuze ukuthi iyini i-UX nokuthi ungaqala kanjani umsebenzi kuyo. Kulesi sihloko, ngizokuchaza konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokuba umklami we-UX. 

Iyini i-UI/UX design? 

I-UI ne-UX zivame ukusetshenziswa ngokushintshana kodwa azifani. Abantu abaningi badidekile ngomehluko phakathi kwala magama womabili. 

I-UX imele “Isipiliyoni Somsebenzisi” futhi idizayini ye-UX iyinqubo yokudala umuzwa womsebenzisi womkhiqizo. I-UX isekelwe endleleni “Yokuklama Komuntu Kokuqala”, ebeka kuqala umbono womsebenzisi, izenzo, nemicabango ukuze kwakhe ulwazi oluhlangabezana nezidingo zakhe. Umklami we-UX umuntu oqonda udaba, owenza ucwaningo, okhiqiza imibono, futhi acabange ngezixazululo zokuklama ngaphambi kokukhiqiza amafreyimu ezintambo athuthukiswa nakakhulu ukuze akhiqize izikrini ezingenasici. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amamodeli engqondo nawengqondo ayavuma, aphinde asize ngokuhlolwa kokusebenziseka.

Idizayini ye-UI iyinqubo yokudala i-interface yomsebenzisi, futhi i-UI imele “Isikhombimsebenzisi somsebenzisi.” Umgomo oyinhloko ukuheha abasebenzisi ngokwenza izibonisi zibukeke zihehe futhi zidonse ukunaka. Ukusetshenziswa kwaso kukhawulelwe kumkhiqizo ngokwawo—umqondo wesikrini sokuklama esinamahhuku adonsa ukunaka. Idizayini ye-UI ingumphumela wokuhlanganisa okubonakalayo okusebenzayo, imibala, kanye ne-typography. Abaklami be-UI basebenzisa izithombe nezingxenye zesikrini ukuze benze amadizayini aphelele ngamaphikseli. Banomthwalo wemfanelo wokuthi umkhiqizo ubukeka kanjani kubasebenzisi. 

Kokubili i-UX ne-UI zincike kwelinye futhi zixhumekile. Abanye abaklami bagxila ku-UX kuyilapho abanye begxile ku-UI, kodwa abaklami abaningi benza kokubili futhi babizwa ngokuthi abaklami be-UX/UI. Njengoba iziyalo zihlobene, izindlela zokuba enye noma enye ziyefana. 

I-UX Designers yenza malini?

Iholo lomklami we-UX liyahlukahluka kuye ngezinto ezimbalwa ezihlanganisa indawo, inhlangano abayisebenzelayo, nolwazi lwabo kanye nesethi yamakhono. Ngokusho kwe-Glassdoor, umholo omaphakathi womklami we-UX ngu-105,000 USD ngonyaka e-US, 56,000 EUR ngonyaka e-UK, 32,000 ZAR nyanga zonke eNingizimu Afrika, kanye ne-NGN 225,000 nyanga zonke eNigeria. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abaklami be-UX bangasebenza bekude, ukuze ube seNigeria usebenzela inkampani yase-US futhi wenze i-105k minyaka yonke. 

Benzani abaklami be-UX

1. Ucwaningo lomsebenzisi

Ukuze uqonde ukuziphatha komsebenzisi, akufunayo, kanye nogqozi, abaklami be-UX bafunda ukuhlela nokwenza ucwaningo lwabasebenzisi. Benza ucwaningo lwabasebenzisi futhi baqonde izimfuno, izisusa, nokuziphatha kwabasebenzisi. 

2. Ukucabanga 

Umklamo we-UX kufanele ukwazi ukusebenzisa ulwazi abaluthola ocwaningweni lwabo ukuze baqhamuke nezixazululo eziwusizo. Umklami we-UX kufanele akwazi ukucabanga ngendlela ehlakaniphile ukuze aqhamuke nezixazululo ezintsha futhi acabange kabanzi ngezinselele eziyinkimbinkimbi.

3. I-wire-framing kanye ne-prototyping

Lawa amakhono abalulekile umklami we-UX okufanele abe yingcweti ukuze anikeze imiqondo amafomu futhi abonise umklamo wokugcina.

4. Dizayina izixhumanisi zomsebenzisi

Abaklami be-UX kufanele baqonde ubuqili befonti, umbala, umsebenzi wobuciko, nemifanekiso kuyilapho benweba ekuqondeni kwabo ukusebenziseka.

5. Idizayini ephendulayo

Abaklami be-UX basebenzisa izimiso zokuklama ezisezingeni lomkhakha ukuze bakhe amawebhusayithi nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinamaleveli ahlukahlukene wobuqiniso. Ukuqinisekisa ukuzizwisa okungenasici, abaklami be-UX basebenzisa amagridi nezingqinamba esigabeni sokuklama ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi amaphrojekthi asabela kuwo wonke amasayizi wesikrini abahlukene.

I-6. Ezokuxhumana

Kubalulekile ukuthi umklami we-UI/UX abe namakhono okuxhumana aqinile ukuze aveze futhi achaze ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani futhi kungani ukukhetha okuthile komklamo. 

7. Ukucabanga komkhiqizo nokuhlaziya

Ukuze uthuthukise ulwazi lomkhiqizo, umklami we-UI/UX kufanele agade futhi ahlole idatha yokusebenziseka. Noma yiziphi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisanda kwakhiwa noma amawebhusayithi kufanele ahlolwe. Uma beqonda ukubaluleka kwawo wonke amamethrikhi, bangahlola idizayini.

Ungaba kanjani umklami we-UX

Ayikho indlela elungile noma engalungile yokufunda ukwakheka kwe-UI/UX; kunezindlela eziningana. Ekugcineni kwehlela ekuqondeni nasekucwengiseni imiqondo eyimpumelelo yokuklama ngokuprakthiza.

1. Yiba nomqondo oqondile

Ukuqala umsebenzi emkhakheni wokudala ofana nokuklama kwe-UX kuvame ukudinga ukuzithiba okukhulu nokuzikhuthaza ngaphezu kokusebenza kanzima. Inqobo nje uma unomfutho wangaphakathi oqinile wokuzuza, unganqoba zonke lezi zinselele.

Ngaphambi kokuqala, cabanga ukuthi usukulungele yini ukuzinikela. Uma kunjalo, kungase kube usizo ukuthola umeluleki we-UX noma uzakwethu wokuziphendulela, noma uvele ubhale isiqinisekiso bese usithumela odongeni lwendawo yakho yokusebenza.

Ungase ubhale izizathu zokuthi wenze lolu shintsho ukuze ucacise kabanzi ngalesi siqinisekiso. Ukubhala izizathu zakho zokuqala kungase kusebenze njengenkinobho “yokusetha kabusha” engqondweni yakho njengoba kungase kube lula ukuzikhohlwa ngenkathi ucindezelekile.

Isibonelo, abantu abaningi baphishekela ukuqeqeshwa kokuklama ngoba bathanda ukuxazulula izinkinga nokusiza abanye, noma ngoba bafuna ukwenza umsebenzi wokudala owengeziwe nsuku zonke. Njengoba ufunda, bhala phansi isisusa sakho futhi usibeke endaweni esobala.

2. Thola iziqu 

Abaqashi abaningi namabhizinisi abasemkhakheni abadingi iziqu ezisemthethweni zokuklama ze-UX, ngakho-ke gcina lokho engqondweni lapho ukhetha indlela yakho. Abaklami abaningi abaphumelelayo abanamadigri kweminye imikhakha—noma abekho nhlobo—baye bakwazi ukuthola izikhundla zokuklama i-UX emabhizinisini ahlonishwayo.

Yize kungadingekile ukuthi uqale umsebenzi wakho wokuklama kwe-UX, idigri ekudizayineni iwubufakazi obubalulekile ongaba nabo. Uma unethuba kanye nezindlela zokuya esikoleni sokuklama noma ukuthola idigri ekwakhiweni kwe-UX, bese uyithatha.

3. Faka isicelo sesifundo noma ikamu lokuqeqeshwa ngomklamo we-UX 

Idigri ejwayelekile imvamisa ihlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zezidingo zezifundo ngaphandle kwedizayini ye-UX. Lawa madigri ngokomlando aye abeka inani eliphakeme olwazini lwezemfundo, kodwa avame ukuntula ulwazi lwangempela lomhlaba kanye namathuba okwakha iphothifoliyo anikezwa ezinye izindlela.

Ngokujabulisayo, kunenani elikhulayo lamakamu okuqeqeshwa e-UX nezifundo ezitholakalayo ezinikeza izinhlelo eziqinile zokukusiza ukuthi usebenzise isikhathi namandla akho ngokugcwele. Lezi zifundo ze-UX namakamu e-boot ahlukile hhayi nje ngoba afundisa ukuklama kwe-UX kahle kodwa futhi ngoba ahloselwe ukukusiza ukuthi uthole umsebenzi kulo mkhakha. Bavame ukubeka phambili ulwazi, ukufunda ngezandla, okuzuzisayo njengoba abaqashi abaningi manje bebeka inani eliphakeme kumakhono afakazelwe nekhono kuneziqinisekiso kuphela.

Nakuba ezinye izinhlelo zikuvumela ukuthi usebenze ngesivinini sakho, ezinye zinikeza umthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu wokuqinisekisa ukuthi awuqedi kuphela uhlelo ngesikhathi kodwa futhi unephothifoliyo namakhono adingekayo ukuze uthole umsebenzi wakho wokuqala wokuklama.

4. Thuthukisa amakhono akho futhi wandise ulwazi lwakho

Idigri noma izifundo ku-UX design ngeke zikufundise konke odinga ukukwazi. Ukwenza uhlu lwezinsiza ongazithinta ukuze uthole isiqondiso nogqozi endleleni kungenye yezindlela ezinhle kakhulu zokuqala endleleni yokuba umklami we-UX.

Kunenqwaba yamabhulogi angase anikeze imininingwane emkhakheni womklamo we-UX, kusukela ezihlokweni zemibono evusa inkanuko zabaklami abangomakadebona kuya encazelweni yemibono eyisisekelo. 

Kufanele futhi ubeke phambili ukuthuthukisa amakhono akho okuklama futhi ayikho indlela engcono yokwenza lokhu kunokuprakthiza. 

5. Dala Inethiwekhi

Njengoba uqhubeka nokufunda, sungula ubukhona be-inthanethi nokuxhumana nabanye asebehlale endaweni isikhathi eside. Chitha isikhathi ufunda mayelana nendlela yabo yokuklama nolwazi lomsebenzi kuze kube manje futhi uma kungenzeka finyelela kubo nganoma imiphi imibuzo ongase ube nayo. Ngaphezu kokuthola izincomo zomsebenzi, lokhu kuzosiza ekwakheni ubudlelwano nomphakathi. 

Ungase futhi ucele usizo nempendulo koxhumana nabo, ubabonise amanye amaphrojekthi, futhi uthole imibono yochwepheshe mayelana nokuthi yini enhle kakhulu nokuthi yini edinga ukuthuthukiswa.

6. Yakha iphothifoliyo yakho 

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi amakhono angabonakali kanye nolwazi lwemiqondo yokuklama ye-UX iyodwa ngeke ikutholele umsebenzi wesikhathi esigcwele noma oyitoho. Umsebenzi wephrojekthi obonisa amakhono anjalo kanye namasu okuxazulula izinkinga nawo uzodingeka. Enye yezinto ezisemqoka ukuqasha abaphathi abazoyibheka ngenkathi kuhlolwa uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza iphothifoliyo yakho yemiklamo ye-UX.

Iqoqo lomsebenzi omkhulu womuntu ogqamisa ukuhluka kwawo, inqubo yokucabanga, amakhono, ukuphindaphinda, izindlela, nokuhlukahluka kubizwa ngokuthi iphothifoliyo yokuklama. Ukuze uhehe amakhasimende nomsebenzi, umklami kufanele abe nephothifoliyo azoyibonisa. Ukuvumelana nezimo zakho, izifundo, kanye nanoma yimuphi umsebenzi ojulile ohambisana nesikhundla noma iphrofayela konke kufakwe kuphothifoliyo. 

Isizinda sephothifoliyo asidingeki; kungase kube okuyisisekelo njengephrofayela ye-Behance noma ikhasi lomqondo. 

Khumbula ukuthi ukuqasha abaqashi bafuna okungaphezu nje kwesixhumi esibonakalayo esikhangayo lapho uhlanganisa iphothifoliyo yakho. Bafuna ukubona ukuthi uhlonza futhi uluhlola kanjani udaba, wenze ucwaningo, ukhiqize imibono, futhi uqhamuke nesixazululo esisebenzisekayo.

Ukusebenza kumaphrojekthi anhlobonhlobo kuzokusiza ukuthi ucije amakhono akho okuklama i-UX. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlukahluka okuningi nezingcezu eziningi kuphothifoliyo yakho azihlali zingcono, ngakho-ke kukhona isu eliningi elidlalwayo lapha kunalokho ongase ukucabange. Kungaba ngcono uma ucwaninga inkampani ofaka isicelo kuyo, ucwenge izinjongo zephothifoliyo yakho, futhi ukhethe izinto ezinhlanu ezihlobene eduze nokufezwe yinhlangano kanye nengxenye ozobe udlala kuzo.

Iphothifoliyo yakho ye-UX kufanele, nokho, ibe ukumela okuyiqiniso kobuntu bakho. Yiba qotho futhi usondelene. Lokhu akubonakali kuphela kumlando wakho nasesithombeni kodwa nasendleleni obonisa ngayo umsebenzi wakho. Into ngayinye kuphothifoliyo yakho idinga ukudlulisa ukulandisa, okuhlanganisa hhayi nje ukuqhubeka kwephrojekthi kodwa namakhono akho ahlukile, ukuhamba komsebenzi, kanye nokusungula izinto.

7. Faka izicelo zemisebenzi 

Cishe usuqedile ngendlela yakho yokuba umklami we-UX kulesi sigaba. Ukuthola umsebenzi ukuphela kwento esele.

Ngokudabukisayo, lokhu kuvame ukuncika ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziguquguqukayo, okuhlanganisa ukuthi inhlangano namasiko ahlanganisa kahle kangakanani, amaphrojekthi onawo kuphothifoliyo yakho, kanye namakhono athambile owagqamisayo futhi owasebenzisayo phakathi nezingxoxo.

Kungathatha amasonto ukuthola umsebenzi ofanelana namakhono akho kanye nomsebenzi obuwulindele, ngakho ungazizwa udangele uma ungawutholi ngokushesha. Njengoba ufuna imisebenzi qiniseka ukuthi uyaqhubeka nokucija amakhono akho, ucwenge iphothifoliyo yakho, futhi ubuyekeze i-resume yakho. Lokhu kuzokubeka ethubeni elingcono lokuthola umsebenzi futhi uwugcine. 

8. Funda emsebenzini 

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi umklami we-UX uhlala efunda. Futhi lokho kuyinto enhle ngoba kukubeka ezingeni lokudlala ngisho nochwepheshe abanolwazi kakhulu njengoba nonke nisebenza ndawonye ukuze nihlale ninolwazi lwakamuva ngamathuluzi amasha, izindlela, namathrendi. 

Ngakho-ke, ukucija lawa makhono kuyinqubo eqhubekayo okumele yenziwe ngabaklami be-UX abangomakadebona nabafisayo. Izinsiza ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa izinkomfa, amabhulogi, izincwadi, imicimbi yemboni, nezifundo zesitifiketi, zingase zibe usizo. Kuhlale kunokuthile okusha okumele kufundwe, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi, abanye bafunda okuningi njengawe ngakho-ke zama ukuthi ungasali ngemuva. 

Isiphetho

Awukho umsebenzi ohlanganisa uzwela nokudala njengoba kwenza i-UX design. Wonke umsebenzi owenzayo njengomklami we-UX uzoqondiswa ekuqondeni abasebenzisi bokugcina futhi uqhamuke nezixazululo zedizayini ezibhekana nezinhlungu zabo. Ngakho-ke uma ungumuntu othanda ukujabulisa abantu khona-ke ukuklama kwe-UX kuwumsebenzi ophelele kuwe.